Greenhouse Study to Optimize Production of Gerbera Flowers for Maximum Economic Benefit

Authors: Mr. K. Srinivas Kumar and Robert Herfst
Datalogger: CR1000
Data Retrieval: Direct connect
Measured Parameters: Air temperature, relative humidity, PAR, solar radiation, soil moisture, and soil temperature

As the Indian economy continues to develop, opportunities have arisen where farmers can earn higher incomes by growing flowers for ornamental or ceremonial purposes versus traditional cash crops. Although the national demand is not yet capable of supporting large scale flower production, foreign market demand already exists. This has created an opportunity for farmers to switch to alternative products and make a healthy living.

Mr. K. Srinivas Kumar of IIT Kharagpur has created a research project to study the effects of various growing techniques to increase flower production. The study involves growing Gerberas in a greenhouse and then manipulating the conditions to determine what variables and conditions produce the maximum flower output and can be duplicated by Indian farmers in a cost effective manner. Gerberas were the chosen plant species because of their economic importance.

Some of the variables being changed are: solar input, ventilation, irrigation, soil inputs, and bed structure (ex: raised beds). Changing a single variable (temperature, moisture, sunlight, etc) often causes visible results in the crop within a week. By measuring the changes with the CR1000 system, Mr. Kumar can quickly ascertain what modifications produce the best results. The empirical data helps qualify conditions and accurately measure the effects of the changes. Gerberas growing outside the greenhouse in the traditional way provide the experimental control. Preliminary results suggest the initial investment of the greenhouse (Rs ~75,000) will pay off after just 12 months of production. With continued study, IIT Kharagpur hopes to be able to present these new methods to area farmers to help improve their livelihood.

For more information on this project contact Mr. K. Srinivas Kumar at kskumar@agfe.iitkgp.ernet.in